Miscarriage refers to the termination of a pregnancy within the first 12 weeks, occurring as a result of sudden bleeding or the cessation of the baby’s heartbeat. The risk of miscarriage in the general population is approximately 20%. We know that issues related to the embryo, particularly genetic problems, are the primary causes of miscarriage. Occasionally, maternal factors may also lead to the termination of a pregnancy. These may include uncontrolled diabetes, rheumatological diseases, genetic or blood clotting disorders, or uterine anomalies. However, it is unnecessary to investigate all of these causes in a woman who has experienced a miscarriage only once. On the other hand, in women who have had two or more previous miscarriages, potential issues should be investigated through a detailed gynecological examination, medicated uterine X-ray (HSG), blood tests, and genetic analysis. Nevertheless, in the vast majority of cases, all of these tests return normal results. Women who have experienced a miscarriage should generally be reassured that the situation is often incidental, rarely recurs, and they should be provided with positive encouragement. Psychological support is both very important and beneficial.
